Weak states already close to collapse at the end of 2006 moved closer to the brink last year, even before the latest explosion of food and fuel prices that are certain to feed instability in vulnerable countries, according to the latest edition of the annual "Failed States Index" released here Monday by Foreign Policy magazine.
The Index, a collaborative effort of Foreign Policy and the Fund for Peace (FFP), found that Somalia replaced Sudan as the world's most unstable country in 2007 after US-backed Ethiopian troops routed Islamist forces which had given the strife-torn East African nation its first semblance of stability in more than 15 years.
Sudan, which had topped the list for the previous two years, fell into second place,while Zimbabwe, where a government sponsored campaign of violence forced the opposition candidate Sunday to withdraw from presidential elections scheduled for later this week, moved up to third from the fourth rank it held in the 2006 Index.
Sudan's western neighbor, Chad, was ranked fourth for 2007, just above US-occupied Iraq, which last year held the second-ranked position amid indications that sectarian violence was moving the country into a full-scale civil war.
The Index's compilers credited the US "surge" – the addition of some 30,000 US troops and the adoption of a more aggressive counter-insurgency strategy – in part for Baghdad's improvement over the course of the year, although it underlined, as have US commanders and officials, the fragility of the country's advance.
"Progress in Iraq last year was negligible at best and deeply susceptible to reversal should the country suffer the kind of shock – a food shortage, a high-level assassination, an attack that unleashes ethnic hatreds – that has exposed so many states' deep vulnerabilities in recent months," according to the Index analysis published in Foreign Policy.
The Index, which is based on a dozen social, economic and political indicators, each of which is assigned a numerical score, also found major improvements in 2007 in stability for Cote d'Ivoire, which ranked eighth this year, Haiti (14) and Liberia (34),among other countries, compared to 2006.
At the same time, several key countries became substantially more insecure in 2007, according to the Index, which cited in particular Bangladesh (12), where a state of emergency has lasted nearly two years, Pakistan (9), where former Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto's assassination closed out the year
To read the full article, click here...
To read the ePaper, visit: http://epaper.dailystar.com.lb
Labels: assassination, FFP, Food crisis, food shortage, Islamist forces, Israel, Pakistan, Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto, stability, US, world's 60 shakiest countries, Zimbabwe